MU-PPDU: We have explored the first part (MU-trigger frame) of MU-OFDMA transmission already in a different post. Once the following conditions are met: MU-RTS trigger frame sent by the AP CTS response from the devices or AP sends CTS Now AP can start sending the data. At this point, we should expect MU PPDU’s fromRead more about 802.11ax MU PPDU[…]
My plan was to explain DL MU-OFDMA which includes trigger frames, CTS, MU-PPDU, and ACK in one post but that would become boring. so I have decided to split it into 2 posts. 1- MU-Trigger frame 2- MU-PPDU In this post, we will only look at MU-Trigger frame. Note: PCAP is taken with help ofRead more about 802.11ax MU-Trigger Frame (DL MU-OFDMA)[…]
Wireless Global Congress: WIFI revolution where every operator is chipping in. WBA is the leading event on next gen service opportunities for wireless carriers and connected cities ecosystems. WBA works closely with mobile networks and broadband service providers. Wireless broadband alliance resolve business issues and enable collaborative opportunities for service providers, enterprises and cities, that enableRead more about Wireless broadband alliance conference[…]
802.11ax or WIFI6 final specifications from WIFI alliance is yet to be announced. 802.11ax access points and client devices are already in the market. 802.11ax bringing us efficiency with the help of techniques such as OFDMA by better use of spectrum, improving spatial reuse also known as BSS colouring etc. We can read a lotRead more about BSS Colouring or Spatial reuse (802.11ax AKA WiFi6)[…]
There is a lot of hype going around 5G since its announced, there is discussion going on social media whether 5G is going to impact Wi-Fi. The 5G standard promises mobile connectivity at high speed. Theoretically it can give faster and better user experience. So, I decided to write what I think about this wholeRead more about Wi-Fi vs 5G[…]
Wireshark has two filtering languages: One used when capturing packets, and one used when displaying packets. These display filters are already been shared by clear to send . It was shared as image file so I decided add different filters together and type here so people can just copy paste the filters instead having to typeRead more about Wireshark Display Filters[…]
WLAN Topologies AKA Service Sets: I would like to talk about WLAN topologies or service sets which are not difficult to but very important to understand. 802.11 defines different topologies or service sets. BSS (Basic service set) ESS (Extended service set) IBSS (Independent basic service set) MBSS (Mesh basic service set) QBSS (QOS basic serviceRead more about 802.11 Topologies AKA Service Sets[…]
I was thinking to write about the 4-way handshake and started to think that from where I should start writing. Shall I just describe 4-way handshake which can be found everywhere on the web or shall I do a deep dive? Reason for me to write is to make it easier to understand for nonRead more about 4-Way Handshake[…]
Today I would like to take the opportunity to write about inverse square law. What is inverse square law and why it’s important for us as Wi-Fi Engineers to understand. Its important to understand that how RF behaves when distance increases. I will start with light example which is easy to understand, and it workRead more about Inverse Square Law[…]
I would like to write this post specifically for beginners who are trying to understand that what is a protocol analyser or what are the options available specific to Wi-Fi troubleshooting. First question what is protocol analyser Why we need it What options are available to capture WLAN traffic How we can use it for our benefit suchRead more about Protocol Analyser for beginners[…]